2020
Nr (13), Historia mówiona - emocje 2019
Nr (12), Historia publiczna 2018
Nr (11), Kulturowa historia wiedzy 2017
Nr (10), Antropologia - folklor - historia 2016
Nr (9), Dziedzictwo kulturowe 2015
Nr (8), Antropologia i historia 2014
Nr 1 (6), Semiotyka historii Nr 2 (7), Historia i płeć 2013
Nr 1 (4), O reprezentacji Nr 2 (5), Genealogie kultury 2012
Nr 1 (2), Antropologia współczesności – historia współczesności Nr 2 (3), Lektury (z) przeszłości 2011
Nr 1-2 (1), Preliminarium

ISSN 2084–1418
Wersją pierwotną czasopisma jest wersja papierowa

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Anna Wylegała
O perspektywach badania chłopskiego doświadczenia refeormy rolnej. Z warsztatur badawczego

Słowa kluczowe: reforma rolna 1944, chłopi, ziemiaństwo, doświadczenie, pamiętniki

Abstrakt:
Celem niniejszego tekstu jest przedstawienie i analiza chłopskiego doświadczenia reformy rolnej dokonanej w Polsce na mocy dekretu PKWN z 6 września 1944 roku. Tekst oparty jest przede wszystkim na chłopskich źródłach osobistych – materiałach z konkursów pamiętnikarskich (w tym oryginałach wcześniej niewykorzystywanych w pracach dotyczących reformy rolnej), wspomnieniach, wywiadach, listach; pomocniczo wykorzystuje również dokumenty urzędowe oraz wspomnienia ziemiańskie. Na potrzeby tekstu wyróżniam trzy wymiary chłopskiego doświadczenia reformy rolnej. Pierwszy to emocje i postawy z momentu realizacji reformy; drugi – osobiste przeżycia związane z reformą, w tym długofalowy wpływ na biografię; trzeci zaś – oceny, przemyślenia i pamięć o reformie z perspektywy czasu. Przeprowadzona analiza pokazuje duże zróżnicowanie chłopskiego doświadczenia, które zależne jest od wielu czynników, przede wszystkim – pozycji społecznej, zaangażowania politycznego, bycia beneficjentem reformy lub nie. Wyróżnić można jednak pewne elementy bezsprzecznie wspólne – przede wszystkim ogólnie pozytywna postawa wobec parcelacji ziemi dworskiej. Inne wspólne elementy doświadczenia to mieszane uczucia niepewności, strachu i radości przy przyjmowaniu ziemi, trudności w zagospodarowywaniu przydzielonych działek, a także konflikty i spory przy podziale dworskiej ziemi. Analiza chłopskiego doświadczenia pokazuje bardzo duży potencjał konfliktowy skutków reformy.

Informacje o autorze:
ANNA WYLEGAŁA – socjolog, adiunkt w Instytucie Filozofii i Socjologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. E-mail: awylegała[at]ifispan.waw.pl